Berde‘î ve ‘Sa‘dullâh es-Sağîr’ Adlı Eserinde Takip Ettiği Şerh Metodu Barda‘ī and the Commentary Method He Followed in His Work ‘Sa‘dullāh al-Saghīr’

‘Abdulḳāhir al-Jurjānī (d. 471/1078-79) is one of the cornerstones of the Arabic language field. The work named al-‘Awāmilu’l-mi’a by Jurjānī, who wrote important works in the field of grammar, was liked by many linguists, and various comments were made on it. One of the aforementioned comment works is the al-‘Awāmil commentary, which was compiled by Sa‘dullāh al-Barda‘ī (d. 609/1212) and became famous with the name Sa‘dullāh al-Saghīr. Barda‘ī was engaged in different sciences but became a prominent scholar in the field of syntax. With the works he wrote and the lessons he gave, he became one of the important names in the town he lived in. Although he has works in various fields, the works he wrote in the field of syntax are of great importance. One of the most important works that have survived to the present day is commentary called Ḥadāʾiḳ al-daḳā’iḳ, written for Zamaḫsherī’s work al-Unmūdhej. The work in question is still among the textbooks taught in madrasahs. Another work that constitutes the main subject of our study is the comment that was written for Jurjānī’s work al-‘Awāmilu’l-mi’a, which gained fame under the name of Sa‘dullāh al-Saghīr. In our research, the commentary method followed by Barda‘ī has been discussed. The work in question, besides being the subject of the studies of the scholars of that period, took its place in the madrasa curriculum like Ḥadāʾiḳ al-daḳā’iḳ and joined the series of works that continue to be taught today. The method that Barda‘ī applied in his commentary affected the fact that the work was in a position of interest for both scholars and students. When the studies on Barda‘ī and his commentary for al-‘Awāmil are examined, the scarcity of studies on both the author and his work draws attention. Through our research, we have tried to make up for this shortcoming. Considering the method used by the commentator, it has been tried to shed light on why the work has attracted great interest and is still preferred in madrasahs. In our study, after general information about Jurjānī and his work al-‘Awāmil, Barda‘ī's biography is given. Afterward, the comment method followed by the author was discussed in detail after the book was examined. As a result of our research, it has been seen that the author's commentary, which he wrote in a metaphorical way, is generally subject to the method followed in al-‘Awāmil. He tried to explain the words and combinations that Jurjānī used in his work, which he thought could not be understood. He used simple and understandable language in order for the issues to be settled in the mind of the reader clearly, and while explaining the subjects, he kept the middle way in his explanations and did not adopt a narrative style that suffocates the reader with details. Likewise, he did not follow a method that would cause closure in the meaning and prevent the understanding of the meaning. He used phrases to keep the reader's mind alive throughout the book. He mentioned other views on controversial issues and expressed his own opinion either explicitly or implicitly. Both Jurjānī and Barda‘ī used verses and Arabic word for proof (istishhād) and did not bring any evidence (shāhid) from hadiths. These methods, which are followed, have been studied in detail by presenting examples from work in our study.