Chronicles hold a significant place in Syriac literature. One of the most prominent examples of this tradition from Late Antiquity is the Mar Yashua Chronicle, notable for its content and style. The chronicle examines catastrophic events such as a solar eclipse, an earthquake, a locust plague, and a famine, reported to have occurred in the 6th century in Edessa (Şanlıurfa), within a historical and cultural context. This work, situated within the Syriac historiographical tradition, is also notable for providing insights into how disasters were interpreted theologically, cosmologically, and socially. Mar Yashua Chronicle reflects a mindset in which celestial and terrestrial disasters were interpreted as divine warnings or punishments. The narratives in the chronicle address the natural events that occurred in rapid succession or in short bursts in the city of Urfa as a unified whole. It presents a narrative unified by concepts such as sinfulness, repentance, and divine intervention underlying these events. Within this framework, the paper also discusses how these disasters remain etched in public memory and what role they play in the construction of urban identity. The paper proceeds on three main levels: First, the sequence and descriptive language of events such as solar eclipses, earthquakes, and locust infestations in the chronicle are analyzed to assess how these disasters were constructed literary. Second, the impact of the disasters on the city’s population and their interpretation by religious authorities are examined. The third section examines whether a “disaster memory” specific to Urfa exists by comparing the Mar Yashua Chronicle with other contemporary Syriac sources. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the disaster narratives in the Mar Jashua Chronicle to reveal the historical context of the disasters experienced in Urfa. It also aims to examine how these events were reflected in the religious interpretations, collective memory, and urban identity of the period. It also aims to identify the place of these narratives within Late Antique Syriac writing and to evaluate the chronicle’s potential as a historical source. It also reveals that natural disasters leave their mark on collective memory and historiography. In the case of Urfa, it is concluded that these traces played a transformative role in both urban culture and Syriac historical consciousness. The study employed a combination of descriptive and analytical methods. Texts belonging to the Syriac chronicle tradition, particularly the Mar Jashua Chronicle, were analyzed as historical sources, analyzing disaster narratives based on textual structure, narrative strategies, and forms of religious interpretation. A methodological discussion is also presented on how the chronicle can be used in relation to urban memory and religion-society relations. The research demonstrates that the disaster narratives in the Mar Yashua Chronicle are constructed to document historical events and convey moral, religious, and cosmological messages. These narratives not only record the disasters experienced in Urfa but also function to create a collective memory and play an active role in shaping the city’s historical identity.